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What are Retinal diseases?

These include diseases involving the light sensitive layer of the eye or retina, the vitreous or the optic nerve that connects the retina to the brain and often cause serious visual problems. However, early and prompt diagnosis with appropriate treatment allows better visual recovery.

How does diabetes affect the retina?

Diabetes mellitus is a condition in which the blood sugar level is elevated because the body is unable to use and store sugar. As a result, the blood's high sugar content damages capillaries in the body, including those in the retina. In the early stages vision maybe normal if the changes are minimal or are not in visually significant areas. Swelling (edema) in the central part of the retina (macular edema) can cause blurring of fine vision. Fragile new blood vessel sprouts may break and bleed into the interior of the eyeball, causing blurring of the entire field of vision

What is ARMD?

Age related macular degeneration (ARMD) is a leading cause of visual loss in the aged resulting from the atrophy of the retinal layers (Dry type) or from the growth of abnormal blood vessels that leak fluid and blood (Wet type)

What is a Retinal detachment?

Separation of the neurosensory part of the retina from the underlying epithelium constitutes a retinal detachment. Symptoms suggesting its onset include brief flashes of light in your vision, a sudden shower of new floaters or a grey or black curtain or shade coming into your vision from any direction. It requires immediate surgical correction for restoration of vision.

What is a retinal vascular occlusion?

Retinal artery occlusion occurs when there is a blockage of the blood flow to the back of the eye. The part of the retina which has lost its blood supply abruptly ceases to function, causing visual impairment .When a retinal vein gets occluded, capillaries swell and leak fluid causing retinal edema. Both these conditions are more frequent in those with a high blood pressure or diabetes.

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